Articles
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Articles:
802.3 Fast Ethernet (100 Mbit/Sec) Model
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Articles:
Migrating From Ethernet To Fast Ethernet
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Articles:
The Novell Proprietary Frame Format
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The IEEE 802.3 SNAP Frame Format
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The Ethernet II Frame Format
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Articles:
The IEEE 802.3 Frame Format
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Articles:
Manchester Signal Encoding
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IEEE 802.3 Interframe Spacing
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Articles:
Propagation Delay
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Late Ethernet Collisions
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Early Ethernet Collisions
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Articles:
Introduction to Ethernet Collisions
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Articles:
What is CSMA/CD ?
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Suggested Articles:
Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions
802.3 Fast Ethernet (100 Mbit/Sec) Model
Here we see a logical drawing of the Fast Ethernet Data Link Layer sublayers. Data is passed down from the upper layers (such as TCP/IP or Novell Net…
Domain Name System (DNS)
The DNS Protocol - Part 4: DNS Response Message F…
The previous article covered the DNS Query message formats. In the article we analysed them in great detail and showed how various options are select…
TCP - UDP Protocol Analysis
TCP Header Anaylsis - Section 1: TCP Source & Des…
This section contains one of the most well-known fields in the TCP header, the Source and Destination port numbers. These fields are used to specify…
Network Cabling
100Base-(T) TX/T4/FX - Ethernet
The 100Base-TX (sometimes referred to 100Base-T) cable was until 2010 perhaps the most popular cable around since it has actually replaced the older…
Featured Subcategories:
Netflow Articles:
Netflow vs SNMP. Two Different Approaches to Netw…
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) and Netflow are both popular protocols with admins, prized for their ability to give visibility over the ne…
Complete Guide to Netflow: How Netflow & its Comp…
This article will cover the basics of Netflow, including its use cases, Netflow supported devices, Netflow history, and variants. We’ll also dive int…
NetFlow Analyzer: Free Download, Step-by-Step Ins…
In our previous article we explained how a Netflow Analyzer can help you gain visibility into your user traffic, application traffic and data flows w…
Netflow: Monitor Bandwidth & Network Utilization…
Monitoring network traffic & bandwidth usage via Netflow is mandatory for any type and size network. Gaining visibility into user traffic, applic…
Wi-Fi Key Generator
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Cisco Password Crack
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VLAN Networks
VLAN InterSwitch Link (ISL) Protocol Analysis
Deciding whether to use ISL or IEEE 802.1q to power your trunk links can be quite confusing if you cannot identify the advantages and disadvantages of eac…
VLAN Networks
VLAN Tagging - Understanding VLANs Ethernet Frames
We mentioned that Trunk Links are designed to pass frames (packets) from all VLANs, allowing us to connect multiple switches together and independently co…
VLAN Networks
Static VLANs
VLANs are usually created by the network administrator, assigning each port of every switch to a VLAN. Depending on the network infrastructure and securit…
VLAN Networks
Comparing Traditional Flat & VLAN Networks
Designing and building a network is not a simple job. VLANs are no exception to this rule, in fact they require a more sophisticated approach because of t…
Routing
Hybrid Routing Protocols - Advantages and Disadvantage…
Hybrid routing protocols are a combination of distance-vector and link-state routing protocols, and are used to provide a more efficient and scalabl…
Routing
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol - EIGRP
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), similar to IGRP, is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol that is used to exchange routing information…
Routing
OSPF - Part 4: OSPF Neighbor States – OSPF Neighbor Fo…
This is the third article of our OSPF series which analyzes the different OSPF States routers go through during the OSPF discovery and neighbor forming pr…
Routing
OSPF - Part 3: OSPF Adjacency & Neighbor Forming Proce…
This is the thrid article of our 6-part OSPF series (see below) that describes how OSPF routers perform neighbor relationship and adjacency. We’ll examine…
Cisco Routers
Cisco Type 7 Password Decrypt / Decoder / Crack Tool
The Firewall.cx Cisco Password Decoder Tool (see below) provides readers with the ability to decrypt 'Type 7' cisco passwords.
For security reasons, we d…
SASE & SD-WAN Networks
Complete Guide to SD-WAN. Technology Benefits, SD-WAN…
SD-WAN is the answer for enterprises and organizations seeking to consolidate network functions and services while at the same time simplify their WAN inf…
Cisco Routers
Disabling Cisco Router Password Recovery Service
Most Cisco engineers are aware of the classic Password-Recovery service Cisco equipment have. If the device's credentials are lost, then performing the Pa…
Windows Servers
Renaming Windows 2000 Domain Name
Sometimes renaming a domain is an essential business requirement. There are many situations, such as mergers, change of company name or migration from a t…







