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Cisco Routers

Configuring NAT Overload On A Cisco Router

NAT (Network Address Translation) is a method that allows the translation (modification) of IP addresses while packets/datagrams are traversing the network. NAT Overload, also known as PAT (Port Addr…

The OSI Model

The OSI Model: Layer 7 - Application Layer

The Application layer of the OSI model is where users communicate with the computer. The Application layer is responsible for identifying and establishing the availability of the intended communicati…

SASE & SD-WAN Networks

Key Features of a True Cloud-Native SASE Service…

Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) is an architecture widely regarded as the future of enterprise networking and security. In previous articles we talked about the benefits of a converged, cloud-deliv…

Web Application Vulnerability Scanners

Protecting Your Cookies from Cross Site Scripting…

Understanding XSS Vulnerability Attacks This article aims to help you understand how Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attacks work. Cross Site Scripting or XSS can happen in many ways. For example, a…

VLAN Networks

VTP Introduction & Modes

The invention of VLANs was very much welcomed by all engineers and administrators, allowing them to extend, redesign and segment their existing network with minimal costs, while at the same time maki…

Palo Alto Networks

How to Fix Palo Alto Firewall “Error: Image File…

Keeping your Palo Alto Firewall up to date with the latest PAN-OS software updates is an important step to ensure your organization is protected against the PAN-OS latest software vulnerabilities, so…

Web Application Vulnerability Scanners

Web Application Security Best Practices that Help…

Successful web application attacks and the data breaches that are resulting from these attacks, have now become everyday news, with large corporations being hit constantly. Our article covering majo…

Network Fundamentals

Network Unicast - Its role and Importance

Unicast is a communication method used in computer networking where data is sent from a single sender to a specific destination device. In this method, the sender sends the data packet to a uni…

Network Address Translation - NAT

Network Address Translation (NAT) Concepts

Before we dive into the deep waters of NAT, we need to make sure we understand exactly what NAT does. So let me give you the background of NAT, why it's here today and how it works. Even though there…

Cisco Switches

Basic & Advanced Catalyst Layer 3 Switch Configur…

This article covers basic and advanced configuration of Cisco Catalyst Layer-3 switches such as the Cisco Catalyst 3560G, 3560E, 3560-X, 3750, 3750E, 3750-X, 3850, 4500, 6500 , 9300, 9400 series, and…

Web Application Vulnerability Scanners

Acunetix Enterprise: Find Website - Web Applicati…

Security researchers disagree about the percentage of vulnerable websites, but most concur that it’s way too high. Despite their long history, attackers continue to use cross-site scripting (XSS), SQ…

Web Application Vulnerability Scanners

Web Application Vulnerabilities – Benefits of Aut…

This article examines the differences between logical and technical web application vulnerabilities which tends to be a very confusing topic especially for web application developers and security – p…