Articles That Might Interest:

Network Protocols

File Transfer Protocol - FTP

File transfer is among the most frequently used TCP/IP applications and it accounts for a lot of the network traffic on the Internet. Various standard file transfer protocols existed even before the…

Cisco Switches

Complete Guide to DHCP Snooping, How it Works, Co…

This article covers popular Layer 2 & Layer 3 network attacks with a focus on DHCP Starvation Attacks, Man-in-the-Middle attacks, unintentional rogue DHCP servers and explains how security featur…

Linux - Unix

A file system is nothing more than the way the computer stores and retrieves all your files. These files include your documents, programs, help files, games, music etc. In the Windows world we have t…

Network Cabling

LPT Ports & Modes (SPP, EPP, ECP) - Parallel Dire…

The Parallel Direct Connection is the second solution covering the transfer of data from one computer to another. The cable required is slightly more complicated as it has more wires that need to be…

TCP - UDP Protocol Analysis

TCP Header Anaylsis - Section 4: TCP Flag Options

As we have seen in the previous pages, some TCP segments carry data while others are simple acknowledgements for previously received data. The popular 3-way handshake utilises the SYNs and ACKs avail…

Cisco Services & Technologies

Troubleshooting Cisco VPN Client Windows 7 - How…

This article shows how to fix the Cisco VPN Reason 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter error on the Windows 7 (32bit or 64bit) operating system. If you are a Windows 7 user, it's most likely you've…

Cisco CallManager-CCME

CallManager Express GUI Software Installation & C…

Cisco CallManager Express, also known as CME or CCME, runs on both Cisco ISR Routers and UC500 platform, including UC520, UC540 and UC560. CallManager Express's PBX functionality is built into the I…

Routing

Interior Gateway Protocol - IGRP

IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary distance-vector routing protocol used in enterprise networks to exchange routing information between routers. IGRP is a predecessor to…

Linux - Unix

Advanced Linux Commands

Now that you're done learning some of the Basic Linux commands and how to use them to install Linux Software, it's time we showed you some of the other ways to work with Linux. Bear in mind that each…

Subnetting

IP Subnetting - Part 3: Subnet Mask Bits & Analys…

So we have covered to some depth the subnetting topic, but there is still much to learn ! We are going to explain here the available subnet masks and analyse a Class C network, using a specific subne…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

The IEEE 802.3 Frame Format

The following is a description of the Ethernet Frame Format described in the IEEE 802.3 Specification. The 802.3 Specification defines a 14 byte Data Link Header followed by a Logical Link Control He…

Windows Servers

How to Install and Configure SNMP for Windows Ser…

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a UDP protocol that uses port 161 to monitor and collect detailed information on any network device supporting the SNMP protocol. All Windows servers supp…