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Cisco Firewalls

Cisco ASA5500 (5505, 5510, 5520, etc) Series Fire…

The Cisco ASA 5500 series security appliances have been around for quite some time and are amongst the most popular hardware firewalls available in the market. Today Firewall.cx takes a look at how t…

Cisco Services & Technologies

Unified Communications Components - Understanding…

What Is Unified Communications (UC)? Unified communications is a very popular term these days and we see it appearing on almost every vendor as they rename their platforms and products to incl…

Cisco Routers

How and Why You Should Verify IOS Images On Cisco…

Chances are we’ve all needed to upgrade our Cisco’s device IOS software at some point. While upgrading the IOS software on a Cisco device is considered to be a fairly simple process, it can turn out…

TCP - UDP Protocol Analysis

TCP Header Anaylsis - Section 2: TCP Sequence & A…

This page will closely examine the Sequence and Acknowledgement numbers. The very purpose of their existence is related directly to the fact that the Internet, and generally most networks, are packet…

Virtualization & VM Backup

Understanding Deduplication. Complete Guide to De…

When considering your VM backup solution, key features such as deduplication are incredibly important. This is not simply from a cost perspective but also an operational one. While is it true that de…

Network Address Translation - NAT

Static NAT - Part 2

The previous page (Static NAT - Part 1) helped us understand what exactly happens with Static NAT and how it works, and we saw a few examples of how to use it in various network configurations. This…

Windows Workstations (XP, 7, 8, 10, 11)

How to View Hidden Files and Folders In Windows 8…

Windows 8 & 8.1 hides two types of files so that normally, you do not see them while exploring your computer. The first type is the files or folders with their 'H' attribute set to make them hidd…

Virtualization & VM Backup

5 Most Critical Microsoft M365 Vulnerabilities Re…

Microsoft 365 is an incredibly powerful software suite for businesses, but it is becoming increasingly targeted by people trying to steal your data. The good news is that there are plenty of ways adm…

Network Protocol Analyzers

Detect Brute-Force Attacks with nChronos Network…

Brute-force attacks are commonly known attack methods by which hackers try to get access to restricted accounts and data using an exhaustive list/database of usernames and passwords. Brute-force atta…

Cisco Services & Technologies

Introduction to Cisco VIRL – Virtual Internet Rou…

One of the most difficult things for people who are starting out in a networking career is getting their hands on the equipment. Whether you are studying for Cisco certification or just wanting to te…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

What is CSMA/CD ?

CSMA/CD stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. It refers to the means of media access, or deciding "who gets to talk" in an Ethernet network. A more elegant term for "who…

Cisco Switches

Download The Complete Cisco Catalyst Switching Po…

The Cisco Catalyst Switching Portfolio is perhaps one of the most useful Cisco PDF files, containing all Catalyst series products. The portfolio covers all Cisco modular switches, including th…