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Articles:
UDP Protocol - Header
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Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions
The IEEE 802.3 Frame Format
The following is a description of the Ethernet Frame Format described in the IEEE 802.3 Specification. The 802.3 Specification defines a 14 byte Data…
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The first step in controlling broadcast and multicast traffic is to identify which devices are involved in a broadcast or multicast storm. The follow…
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The Application layer of the OSI model is where users communicate with the computer. The Application layer is responsible for identifying and establi…
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Netflow Articles:
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Monitoring network traffic & bandwidth usage via Netflow is mandatory for any type and size network. Gaining visibility into user traffic, applic…
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SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) and Netflow are both popular protocols with admins, prized for their ability to give visibility over the ne…
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The invention of VLANs was very much welcomed by all engineers and administrators, allowing them to extend, redesign and segment their existing network wi…
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The previous article introduced the VTP protocol, we examined how it can be used within a network, to help manage VLANs and ease the administrative overhe…
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The VLAN Concept - Introduction to VLANs
We hear about them everywhere, vendors around the world are constantly trying to push them into every type of network and as a result, the Local Area Netw…
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We are going to analyse what happens when routing occurs on a network (IP routing process). When I was new to the networking area, I thought that all you…
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Routing Information Protocol - RIP
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol that is commonly used in small to medium-sized networks. It is one of the o…
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Link State routing protocols do not view networks in terms of adjacent routers and hop counts, but they build a comprehensive view of the overall network…
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Routing protocols were created for routers. These protocols have been designed to allow the exchange…
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In this article we will cover the differences between VMware ESXi, vSphere and vCenter while also explain the features supported by each vSphere edition…
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Resolving Cisco Router/Switch Tftp Problems: Source IP…
When working with Cisco equipment that has multiple ip interfaces, a common problem engineers are faced with is trying to successfully tftp to or from the…
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Enabling & Configuring SSH on Cisco Routers. Restrict…
This article shows how to configure and setup SSH for remote management of Cisco IOS Routers. We’ll show you how to check if SSH is supported by your IOS…
Cisco Routers
Cisco Router PPP Multilink Setup and Configuration
This article provides an in-depth explanation of PPP Multilink and shows how to configure a Cisco router to use PPP Multilink between two serial interface…





