Articles That Might Interest:

Cisco Routers

Cisco VPN Client Configuration - Setup for IOS Ro…

Remote VPN access is an extremely popular service amongst Cisco routers and ASA Firewalls. The flexibility of having remote access to our corporate network and its resources literally from anywhere i…

Windows Workstations (XP, 7, 8, 10, 11)

How to View Hidden Files & Folders in Windows 7

This article shows you how to see hiddeen files and folders in Windows 7. Windows 7 hides important system files so that normally, you do not see them while exploring your computer. The reason behin…

VLAN Networks

VLANs - IEEE 802.1q Trunk Link Protocol Analysis

While the VLAN Tagging article briefly covered the IEEE 802.1q protocol this article will continue building upon it by further analyzing the IEEE 802.1q Trunk Link Protocol. The IEEE 802.1q tagging m…

Windows Servers

Windows 2012 Server Foundation, Essential, Standa…

FREE Hyper-V & VMware Virtualization Backup: FREE for Firewall.cx readers for a Limited Time! Download Now! Windows Server 2012 Editions On the 1st of August, 2012 Microsoft releas…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

Migrating From Ethernet To Fast Ethernet

In this article we will analyze the following aspects of upgrading/migrating from 10Mbit Ethernet to 100Mbit Ethernet. Cabling Incompatible Implementations Repeaters In Fast Ethernet Replacemen…

SASE & SD-WAN Networks

Understanding Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) a…

Software Defined Wide Area Networking (SD-WAN) is changing the way that businesses connect to the cloud. With SD-WAN, organizations can move away from closed, proprietary hardware solutions, bringing…

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Spanning Tree Protocol – Part 1: Understand STP P…

One of the most used terms in network is LAN (Local Area Network). It’s a form of network that we encounter in our daily lives, at home, at work, study, and in various other areas of life. Unless wor…

Linux - Unix

Implementing Virtual Servers and Load Balancing C…

What is Server Virtualization? Server virtualization is the process of apportioning a physical server into several smaller virtual servers. During server virtualization, the resources of the ser…

The OSI Model

The OSI Model: Layer 2 - Datalink Layer

The Datalink ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It formats the message into data fra…

Palo Alto Networks

How to Fix Palo Alto Firewall “Error: Image File…

Keeping your Palo Alto Firewall up to date with the latest PAN-OS software updates is an important step to ensure your organization is protected against the PAN-OS latest software vulnerabilities, so…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

The IEEE 802.3 SNAP Frame Format

While the original 802.3 specification worked well, the IEEE realized that some upper layer protocols required an Ethertype to work properly. For example, TCP/IP uses the Ethertype to differentiate b…

ICMP Protocol

ICMP Protocol - Part 5: Source Quench Message Ana…

The ICMP - Source Quench message is one that can be generated by either a gateway or host. You won't see any such message pop up on your workstation screen unless you're working on a gateway which wi…