Articles That Might Interest:

The OSI Model

The OSI Model: Layer 7 - Application Layer

The Application layer of the OSI model is where users communicate with the computer. The Application layer is responsible for identifying and establishing the availability of the intended communicati…

Cisco Data Center (Nexus/UCS)

Complete Guide to Nexus Checkpoint & Rollback Fea…

The Cisco NX-OS checkpoint feature provides the capability to capture at any time a snapshot (backup) of the Cisco Nexus configuration before making any changes. The captured configura…

Windows Workstations (XP, 7, 8, 10, 11)

How to Start Windows 8 and 8.1 in Safe Mode – Ena…

This article will show you how to start Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 in Safe Mode and how to enable F8 Safe Mode. Previous Windows O/S users would recall that by pressing and holding the F8 key while Wi…

Network Fundamentals

Need for Speed – The Data Tsunami & Advancements…

A long-long time ago (not long ago in earth time) 100 Mbps was THE technology. 100 Mbps uplinks bundled with ether-channel was the ultimate uplink technology. This was the prevailing technology durin…

SASE & SD-WAN Networks

SD-WAN is the Emerging, Evolving Solution for the…

A lot has changed in how people work during the past twenty years. Co-working spaces, mobility, and the cloud now are common. Businesses are spread out and branch offices are empowered. This new fun…

VPN Services & Guides

Anonymous Browsing – Internet Privacy. Securing Y…

Despite what some think, the internet is not private. Anonymous browsing and Internet Privacy are almost non-existent in today's online world. Websites collect personal information on every visit wit…

Windows Servers

The Importance of a Hyper-V & VMware Server Backu…

Using Hyper-V Server virtualization technology, you can virtualize your physical environment to reduce the cost of physical hardware. As part of IT best practices, you implement monitoring solutions…

Cisco Routers

How To Configure DNS Server On A Cisco Router

The DNS protocol is used to resolve FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Names) to IP addresses around the world. This allows us to successfully find and connect to Internet websites and services no matter w…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

The IEEE 802.3 Frame Format

The following is a description of the Ethernet Frame Format described in the IEEE 802.3 Specification. The 802.3 Specification defines a 14 byte Data Link Header followed by a Logical Link Control He…

Cisco Wireless

Easily Convert Cisco Autonomous - Standalone AP t…

This article explains how to convert a local or remote Autonomous / Standalone Cisco Aironet Access Point to Lightweight and register it to a Cisco WLC Controller. Included are detailed steps, comman…

Network Address Translation - NAT

Static NAT - Part 1

Static NAT (also called inbound mapping) is the first mode we're going to talk about and also happens to be the most uncommon between smaller networks. Static NAT was mainly created to allow hosts o…

Routing

The IP Routing Process - Step-by-Step Analysis

We are going to analyse what happens when routing occurs on a network (IP routing process). When I was new to the networking area, I thought that all you needed was the IP Address of the machine you…