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Network Protocols
IPv6 - Analysing the IPv6 Protocol Structure and…
As discussed in the previous tutorial, we were made painfully aware that we were running out of IP address spaces and literally did in 2011. A new proposal or RFC was released for creation of a new…
Cisco CallManager-CCME
IP Phone 7900 Series (7940, 7941, 7942, 7960, 796…
This article explains how to reset your Cisco 7940, 7941, 7942, 7960, 7961, 7962 & 7920 IP phone to factory defaults, and how to upgrade its firmware to the latest available version.
When initia…
VLAN Networks
Static VLANs
VLANs are usually created by the network administrator, assigning each port of every switch to a VLAN. Depending on the network infrastructure and security policies, the assignment of VLANs can be im…
Windows Servers
Free Hyper-V eBook - Create, Manage and Troublesh…
With the introduction of Hyper-V on the Windows Server platform, virtualization has quickly become the de facto standard for all companies seeking to consolidate their server infrastructure. While we…
Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions
IEEE 802.3 Interframe Spacing
The IEEE 802.3 specification states that before a station can attempt to transmit on the wire, it must first wait until it has heard 9.6 microseconds of silence. Many popular myths have arisen surrou…
Network Fundamentals
The Importance of a Network Analyzer – Packet Sni…
Network Analyzers, also known as Packet Sniffers, are amongst the most popular network tools found inside any Network Engineer’s toolkit. A Network Analyzer allows users to capture network packets as…
The OSI Model
The OSI Model: Layer 2 - Datalink Layer
The Datalink ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It formats the message into data fra…
Linux - Unix
Understanding, Administering Linux Groups and Use…
In a multi-user environment like Linux, every file is owned by a user and a group. There can be others as well who may be allowed to work with the file. What this means is, as a user, you have all th…
Cisco Switches
Cisco Catalyst Err-disabled Port State, Enable &…
Errdisable is a feature that automatically disables a port on a Cisco Catalyst switch. When a port is error disabled, it is effectively shut down and no traffic is sent or received on that port…
Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions
The Ethernet II Frame Format
The following is a description of the frame format described by the original Ethernet Version II specification as released by DEC, Intel, and Xerox. Like the 802.3 spec, the Version II spec defines a…
Network Fundamentals
Network Broadcast
The term "Broadcast" is used very frequently in the networking world . You will see it in most networking books and articles, or see it happening on your hub/switch when all the LED's start flashing…
Linux - Unix
Why Use Linux?
The first question is - what are the benefits of using Linux instead of Windows? This is in fact a constant debate between the Windows and Linux communities and while we won't be taking either side…
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