Articles That Might Interest:

Cisco CallManager-CCME

Introduction to Cisco Unified Communication Manag…

We have been hearing about VoIP for many years now and while some have never worked with it, it has become today's standard in IP Communications and Private Branch Exchange (PBX) or telephony center…

Cisco Routers

Installing Security Device Manager (SDM) on a Cis…

For years now, Cisco has been developing its Security Device Manager (SDM) software. This web-based software is designed to help the less experienced users and administrators to work and configure va…

Supernetting & CIDR

Supernetting In-Depth Analysis - Learn to Identif…

Our previous article served as an introduction to Supernetting, also known as Route Summarization. We covered the concept of Supernetting, how it works, its advantages and more. This article will att…

The OSI Model

The OSI Model: Layer 2 - Datalink Layer

The Datalink ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It formats the message into data fra…

SASE & SD-WAN Networks

The Most Common Worst Networking Practices and Ho…

In the rush to keep pace with the many challenges facing today’s organizations, all too often networking teams end up adopting practices and processes that are, shall we say, less than perfect. You p…

Cisco Switches

Cisco Nexus 7000 Series Module Shutdown and Remov…

This article explains the procedure that should be followed to correctly shutdown/powerdown a Cisco Nexus 7000 series module and remove it from the chassis. We also include important tips that will h…

Supernetting & CIDR

The Supernetting / CIDR Chart

This articles build upon our previous pages covering what is Supernetting (Route Summarization) & How Supernets Work and Supernetting In-Depth Analysis - Learn to Identify and Create Supern…

ICMP Protocol

ICMP Protocol - Part 7: Time Exceeded Message Ana…

The ICMP - Time Exceeded message is one which is usually created by gateways or routers. In order to fully understand this ICMP message, you must be familiar with the IP header within a packet. Our r…

Web Application Vulnerability Scanners

What is OWASP? Open Web Application Security Pro…

With nearly every business sector relying on the internet and digital tools to function, it is no surprise that cybersecurity is the second-fastest growing industry. Hackers don’t care how large or s…

Ethernet Protocol, CSMA/CD, Collisions

Troubleshooting techniques for Fast Ethernet

This page will primarily discuss problems unique to Fast Ethernet. The Collision Domain Incompatible Ethernet Jabber Auto-negotiation Priorities And Alternatives Incompatible Cabling Specificat…

Cisco Routers

Cisco Router Modes

One of the greatest perhaps features of Cisco routers is that most commands used in the IOS software they run on, are identical across multiple platforms. For example, commands for configuring a giga…

Cisco Services & Technologies

Troubleshooting Cisco VPN Client Windows 7 - How…

This article shows how to fix the Cisco VPN Reason 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter error on the Windows 7 (32bit or 64bit) operating system. If you are a Windows 7 user, it's most likely you've…